Uintah and Ouray Reservation

The Uintah and Ouray Reservation sprawls across about 6,800 square miles of northeastern Utah's Uinta Basin, making it, by its outer boundary, the second-largest reservation in the country after the Navajo Nation. It is home to the Ute Indian Tribe, made up of three bands, the Uintah, Whiteriver and Uncompahgre. President Lincoln set aside the Uintah Valley Reservation in 1861, and the Whiteriver and Uncompahgre Utes were moved here from Colorado after 1880. The tribal headquarters is at Fort Duchesne.

Inside its boundaries, land ownership is a patchwork of tribal, allotted, private, state and federal parcels, and only about 1.3 million acres are tribal trust land. That checkerboard has fueled decades of jurisdiction disputes with Utah and local counties, including the Supreme Court case Hagen v. Utah (1994). Oil and gas from the Uinta Basin provide most of the tribe's revenue. The tribe has about 3,000 members, made Ute its official language in 1984, and still holds the Bear Dance and Sun Dance each year.

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